Solute carrier family 22 member 1

Solute carrier family 22 member 1

Electrogenic voltage-dependent uniporter that mediates the transport of a variety of organic cations such as endogenous bioactive amines, cationic drugs and xenobiotics11388889,11408531,12439218,12719534,15389554,16263091,16272756,16581093,19536068,21128598,23680637,24961373,34040533,9187257,9260930,9655880. Functions as a pH- and Na(+)-independent, bidirectional transporter (By similarity). Cation cellular uptake or release is driven by the electrochemical potential (i.e. membrane potential and concentration gradient) and substrate selectivity (By similarity). Hydrophobicity is a major requirement for recognition in polyvalent substrates and inhibitors (By similarity). Primarily expressed at the basolateral membrane of hepatocytes and proximal tubules and involved in the uptake and disposition of cationic compounds by hepatic and renal clearance from the blood flow (By similarity). Most likely functions as an uptake carrier in enterocytes contributing to the intestinal elimination of organic cations from the systemic circulation16263091. Transports endogenous monoamines such as N-1-methylnicotinamide (NMN), guanidine, histamine, neurotransmitters dopamine, serotonin and adrenaline12439218,24961373,35469921,9260930. Also transports natural polyamines such as spermidine, agmatine and putrescine at low affinity, but relatively high turnover21128598. Involved in the hepatic uptake of vitamin B1/thiamine, hence regulating hepatic lipid and energy metabolism24961373. Also transport choline, albeit with low affinity40972734. Mediates the bidirectional transport of acetylcholine (ACh) at the apical membrane of ciliated cell in airway epithelium, thereby playing a role in luminal release of ACh from bronchial epithelium15817714. Transports dopaminergic neuromodulators cyclo(his-pro) and salsolinol with lower efficiency17460754. Also capable of transporting non-amine endogenous compounds such as prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and prostaglandin F2-alpha (PGF2-alpha)11907186. May contribute to the transport of cationic compounds in testes across the blood-testis-barrier (Probable). Also involved in the uptake of xenobiotics tributylmethylammonium (TBuMA), quinidine, N-methyl-quinine (NMQ), N-methyl-quinidine (NMQD) N-(4,4-azo-n-pentyl)-quinuclidine (APQ), azidoprocainamide methoiodide (AMP), N-(4,4-azo-n-pentyl)-21-deoxyajmalinium (APDA) and 4-(4-(dimethylamino)styryl)-N-methylpyridinium (ASP)11408531,15389554,35469921,9260930

Mediates the uptake of 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP(+))

Not able to uptake 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP(+))

Not able to uptake 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP(+))

Not able to uptake 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP(+))

Quoted from UniProt’s FUNCTION annotation for O15245 (reviewed). The superscript numbers are UniProt’s own PubMed citations, kept in the sentence and in order, each linking to the paper it names.

What it acts with

STRING’s highest-confidence human functional partners. The combined score mixes several kinds of evidence, so each channel is shown separately — a partner supported by experiment is a different claim from one supported only by text mining, and for a receptor this is where its coupling appears as evidence rather than as assertion.

Where it sits in the cell

UniProt, curated Basolateral cell membrane · Apical cell membrane · Lateral cell membrane · Basal cell membrane · Cell membrane

Expression by cell type

Single cell type RNA, the 1 highest of those the Human Protein Atlas reports for this gene. Transcript, not protein, and a cell type rather than a tissue.

• Hepatocytes1,217.8 nCPM

Expression by tissue

The tissues this gene is enriched in, by consensus RNA. A tissue absent from this list is one the Atlas does not call specific for this gene, which is not the same as absent from it.

• liver595.7 nTPM