Aurora kinase B

Aurora kinase B

Serine/threonine-protein kinase component of the chromosomal passenger complex (CPC), a complex that acts as a key regulator of mitosis11516652,12925766,14610074,14722118,29449677. The CPC complex has essential functions at the centromere in ensuring correct chromosome alignment and segregation and is required for chromatin-induced microtubule stabilization and spindle assembly11516652,12925766,14610074,14722118,26829474. Involved in the bipolar attachment of spindle microtubules to kinetochores and is a key regulator for the onset of cytokinesis during mitosis15249581. Required for central/midzone spindle assembly and cleavage furrow formation12458200,12686604. Key component of the cytokinesis checkpoint, a process required to delay abscission to prevent both premature resolution of intercellular chromosome bridges and accumulation of DNA damage: phosphorylates CHMP4C, leading to retain abscission-competent VPS4 (VPS4A and/or VPS4B) at the midbody ring until abscission checkpoint signaling is terminated at late cytokinesis22422861,24814515. AURKB phosphorylates the CPC complex subunits BIRC5/survivin, CDCA8/borealin and INCENP11516652,12925766,14610074. Phosphorylation of INCENP leads to increased AURKB activity11516652,12925766,14610074. Other known AURKB substrates involved in centromeric functions and mitosis are CENPA, DES/desmin, GPAF, KIF2C, NSUN2, RACGAP1, SEPTIN1, VIM/vimentin, HASPIN, and histones H1.4 and H311756469,11784863,11856369,12689593,14602875,16103226,21511733,21658950. A positive feedback loop involving HASPIN and AURKB contributes to localization of CPC to centromeres21658950. Phosphorylation of VIM controls vimentin filament segregation in cytokinetic process, whereas histone H3 is phosphorylated at 'Ser-10' and 'Ser-28' during mitosis (H3S10ph and H3S28ph, respectively)11784863,11856369. AURKB is also required for kinetochore localization of BUB1 and SGO115020684,17617734. Phosphorylation of p53/TP53 negatively regulates its transcriptional activity20959462. Key regulator of active promoters in resting B- and T-lymphocytes: acts by mediating phosphorylation of H3S28ph at active promoters in resting B-cells, inhibiting RNF2/RING1B-mediated ubiquitination of histone H2A and enhancing binding and activity of the USP16 deubiquitinase at transcribed genes (By similarity). Acts as an inhibitor of CGAS during mitosis: catalyzes phosphorylation of the N-terminus of CGAS during the G2-M transition, blocking CGAS liquid phase separation and activation, and thereby preventing CGAS-induced autoimmunity33542149. Phosphorylates KRT5 during anaphase and telophase (By similarity). Phosphorylates ATXN10 which promotes phosphorylation of ATXN10 by PLK1 and may play a role in the regulation of cytokinesis and stimulating the proteasomal degradation of ATXN1025666058

Quoted from UniProt’s FUNCTION annotation for Q96GD4 (reviewed). The superscript numbers are UniProt’s own PubMed citations, kept in the sentence and in order, each linking to the paper it names.

What it acts with

STRING’s highest-confidence human functional partners. The combined score mixes several kinds of evidence, so each channel is shown separately — a partner supported by experiment is a different claim from one supported only by text mining, and for a receptor this is where its coupling appears as evidence rather than as assertion.

Where it sits in the cell

• Nucleoplasm
• Kinetochoreadditional
• Midbodyadditional

Human Protein Atlas, by antibody immunofluorescence in cell lines — a different assay from the expression figures below, which are RNA.

UniProt, curated Nucleus · Chromosome · Chromosome, centromere · Chromosome, centromere, kinetochore · Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton, spindle · Midbody

Expression by cell type

Single cell type RNA, the 11 highest of those the Human Protein Atlas reports for this gene. Transcript, not protein, and a cell type rather than a tissue.

• Extravillous trophoblasts102.8 nCPM
• Monocyte progenitors80.5 nCPM
• Migrating cytotrophoblasts77.2 nCPM
• Enteric transient amplifying cells60 nCPM
• Esophageal basal cells59.6 nCPM
• Erythrocyte progenitors49.5 nCPM
• Hofbauer cells48.5 nCPM
• Cytotrophoblasts46.7 nCPM
• Megakaryocyte progenitors41.1 nCPM
• Neutrophil progenitors29.6 nCPM
• Gastric progenitor cells28.2 nCPM

Expression by tissue

The tissues this gene is enriched in, by consensus RNA. A tissue absent from this list is one the Atlas does not call specific for this gene, which is not the same as absent from it.

• lymphoid tissue55.9 nTPM
• bone marrow41.6 nTPM