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PsychedeliaDokholyan Laboratory
TargetEnzymes

Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1

Named enzymes, including the metabolising cytochromes and the monoamine oxidases.

Measurements
14
Compounds
7
Binding constants
7
Median pX
—

I · Identity

What this target is

Its function as UniProt states it, where in a cell the protein is found, and which cell types and tissues transcribe its gene.

Protein

ALDR_HUMANAKR1B1Homo sapiens

Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1

Catalyzes the NADPH-dependent reduction of a wide variety of carbonyl-containing compounds to their corresponding alcohols. Displays enzymatic activity towards endogenous metabolites such as aromatic and aliphatic aldehydes, ketones, monosaccharides, bile acids and xenobiotics substrates10510318,12732097,1332968,21329684,8245005,4402695,1936586. It catalyzes the reduction of glucose to sorbitol, the first step of the polyol pathway, an alternative route of glucose metabolism that converts glucose to fructose4402695,1936586. This pathway becomes highly active under elevated glucose levels, such as during hyperglycemia1936586. Reduces steroids and their derivatives and prostaglandins. Displays low enzymatic activity toward all-trans-retinal, 9-cis-retinal, and 13-cis-retinal12732097,19010934,8343525. Catalyzes the reduction of diverse phospholipid aldehydes such as 1-palmitoyl-2-(5-oxovaleroyl)-sn -glycero-3-phosphoethanolamin (POVPC) and related phospholipid aldehydes that are generated from the oxydation of phosphotidylcholine and phosphatdyleethanolamides17381426. Plays a role in detoxifying dietary and lipid-derived unsaturated carbonyls, such as crotonaldehyde, 4-hydroxynonenal, trans-2-hexenal, trans-2,4-hexadienal and their glutathione-conjugates carbonyls (GS-carbonyls)21329684

Quoted from UniProt’s FUNCTION annotation for P15121 (reviewed). The superscript numbers are UniProt’s own PubMed citations, kept in the sentence and in order, each linking to the paper it names.

What it acts with

STRING’s highest-confidence human functional partners. The combined score mixes several kinds of evidence, so each channel is shown separately — a partner supported by experiment is a different claim from one supported only by text mining, and for a receptor this is where its coupling appears as evidence rather than as assertion.

PartnerCombinedExperimentDatabaseText mining
SORD0.9980.3800.9000.974
CBR10.9910.0450.9050.906
SPR0.9740.0450.9050.724
DHFR0.9740.0000.9000.733
DHFR20.9710.0000.9000.703
ALDH1B10.9590.0450.9100.539
ALDH3A20.9580.0450.9100.531
DCXR0.9500.0000.9000.524
ALDH20.9440.0450.9100.365
DHDH0.9400.0000.9000.398

Where it sits in the cell

  • Cytosol
  • Nucleoplasmadditional

Human Protein Atlas, by antibody immunofluorescence in cell lines — a different assay from the expression figures below, which are RNA.

UniProt, curated Cytoplasm

Expression by cell type

Single cell type RNA, the 7 highest of those the Human Protein Atlas reports for this gene. Transcript, not protein, and a cell type rather than a tissue.

  • Syncytiotrophoblasts2,450.6 nCPM
  • Migrating cytotrophoblasts1,520.7 nCPM
  • Extravillous trophoblasts1,456.7 nCPM
  • Cytotrophoblasts1,274.3 nCPM
  • Adrenal cortex cells909.6 nCPM
  • Oocytes686.2 nCPM
  • Hofbauer cells477.1 nCPM

Expression by tissue

The tissues this gene is enriched in, by consensus RNA. A tissue absent from this list is one the Atlas does not call specific for this gene, which is not the same as absent from it.

  • adrenal gland3,016.7 nTPM

II · Anatomy

Where the gene is transcribed

The same two atlases the compound plates use, asked about this gene alone. Brain on the left, peripheral and autonomic tissues on the right.

Brain

cerebral cortex — 74.7 nTPM, from AKR1B1cerebellum — 65.0 nTPM, from AKR1B1hippocampal formation — 67.5 nTPM, from AKR1B1amygdala — 70.4 nTPM, from AKR1B1hypothalamus — 78.6 nTPM, from AKR1B1thalamus — no resolved target expressed herebasal ganglia — 101.7 nTPM, from AKR1B1medulla oblongata — no resolved target expressed here

basal ganglia: drawn as the caudate nucleus, putamen and globus pallidus.

Measured but not drawn — this anatomogram has no outline for them: midbrain 87.5, spinal cord 76.3, pituitary gland 74.4, retina 33.8.

Body

heart — 202.0 nTPM, from AKR1B1smooth muscle — 37.0 nTPM, from AKR1B1lung — 53.0 nTPM, from AKR1B1liver — 18.1 nTPM, from AKR1B1kidney — 403.2 nTPM, from AKR1B1stomach — 49.3 nTPM, from AKR1B1duodenum — 19.3 nTPM, from AKR1B1small intestine — 49.0 nTPM, from AKR1B1colon — 39.8 nTPM, from AKR1B1adrenal gland — 3016.7 nTPM, from AKR1B1thyroid gland — 42.9 nTPM, from AKR1B1pancreas — 32.9 nTPM, from AKR1B1urinary bladder — 64.0 nTPM, from AKR1B1skeletal muscle — 309.2 nTPM, from AKR1B1spleen — 61.5 nTPM, from AKR1B1salivary gland — 40.0 nTPM, from AKR1B1
03017 nTPM

Square-root ramp · shared scale across both plates

Shading is transcript level — not affinity, and not affinity combined with expression. Outlined but unshaded organs hold none of AKR1B1 transcript above the atlas’s detection threshold. Anatomy from EMBL-EBI Anatomogram (Apache License 2.0); regions identified by Uberon (uberon.org), CC BY 3.0.

Brain · 10

  • basal ganglia101.7 nTPM
  • midbrain87.5 nTPM
  • hypothalamus78.6 nTPM
  • spinal cord76.3 nTPM
  • cerebral cortex74.7 nTPM
  • pituitary gland74.4 nTPM
  • amygdala70.4 nTPM
  • hippocampal formation67.5 nTPM
  • cerebellum65.0 nTPM
  • retina33.8 nTPM

Peripheral and autonomic · 16

  • adrenal gland3016.7 nTPM
  • kidney403.2 nTPM
  • skeletal muscle309.2 nTPM
  • heart muscle202.0 nTPM
  • urinary bladder64.0 nTPM
  • spleen61.5 nTPM
  • lung53.0 nTPM
  • stomach 149.3 nTPM
  • small intestine49.0 nTPM
  • thyroid gland42.9 nTPM
  • salivary gland40.0 nTPM
  • colon39.8 nTPM
  • smooth muscle37.0 nTPM
  • pancreas32.9 nTPM
  • duodenum19.3 nTPM
  • liver18.1 nTPM

Transcript is not protein. These are RNA levels for AKR1B1, shaded on √nTPM so that a three-order range stays legible — on a linear ramp every region but the strongest would read as blank, which looks like absence rather than less. A region carrying no shading is one the atlas reports no consensus value for, not one where the gene is silent. And a gene being transcribed somewhere is not evidence that any compound reaches it. Human Protein Atlas, RNA expression, nTPM (normalized transcripts per million), consensus tissue dataset.

IV · Evidence

Every measurement at this target

Each row links to the ChEMBL assay it came from.

Equilibrium binding constants 7

Ki and Kd — a concentration at equilibrium. Directly comparable across rows at the same target.

TargetClassTypeValue (nM)pXOrganismAssay
Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1EnzymesKi— no normalized value— value does not convert to pXRattus norvegicusCHEMBL1909095
Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1EnzymesKi— no normalized value— value does not convert to pXRattus norvegicusCHEMBL1909095
Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1EnzymesKi— no normalized value— value does not convert to pXRattus norvegicusCHEMBL1909095
Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1EnzymesKi— no normalized value— value does not convert to pXRattus norvegicusCHEMBL1909095
Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1EnzymesKi— no normalized value— value does not convert to pXRattus norvegicusCHEMBL1909095
Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1EnzymesKi— no normalized value— value does not convert to pXRattus norvegicusCHEMBL1909095
Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1EnzymesKi— no normalized value— value does not convert to pXRattus norvegicusCHEMBL1909095

Functional readouts 7

IC₅₀, EC₅₀, AC₅₀ and potency. Assay-dependent, and not interchangeable with a binding constant.

TargetClassTypeValue (nM)pXOrganismAssay
Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1EnzymesIC50— no normalized value— value does not convert to pXRattus norvegicusCHEMBL1909095
Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1EnzymesIC50— no normalized value— value does not convert to pXRattus norvegicusCHEMBL1909095
Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1EnzymesIC50— no normalized value— value does not convert to pXRattus norvegicusCHEMBL1909095
Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1EnzymesIC50— no normalized value— value does not convert to pXRattus norvegicusCHEMBL1909095
Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1EnzymesIC50— no normalized value— value does not convert to pXRattus norvegicusCHEMBL1909095
Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1EnzymesIC50— no normalized value— value does not convert to pXRattus norvegicusCHEMBL1909095
Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1EnzymesIC50— no normalized value— value does not convert to pXRattus norvegicusCHEMBL1909095
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